The History of Computer Science and Programming Languages

3 Facts about Computer Programming and Languages

The first Programming language ever designed was called John Mulachey's Short Code and was proposed in 1949

There are ten thousands of different programming languages, it's like the human language, there's no way to know how many there are

The first computer science degree program in the United States was formed at Purdue University in 1962

BASIC was designed by John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz at Dartmouth College
BASIC became widely used on microcomputers in the mid 70s to 80s
Having an easy to learn language such as BASIC allowed a variety of people to develop their own softeare on computers they could afford
The language was developed for students and people that didn't specialize in science and mathematics to use computers.

Java is a general-purpose computer programming language that is conccurrent, class-based, and object oriented
It is intended to let application developers "write once, run everywhere"
Java apps are designed to work on any computer that contains a Java virtual machine regardless of the type of computer and how it is constructed
Javais one of the most popular programming languages currently in use, especially for client-server web applications
Developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems and released in 1995, you can clearly see that the languages syntax is primarily derived from C and C++

Python is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, and dynamic programming language
The design is emphasizes code readability and it's syntax allows you to do more, while writing less lines than in C++ or Java
Python code can be packaged into stand-alone executable packages so that Python-based software can be used on enviroments without a Python interpreter
Python was created in the late 80s by Guido van Rossum at Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, it was not implemented until December 1989

Ruby is a dynamic, reflected, object-oriented, and genera-purpose programming language
Ruby was designed and developed in the mid-1990s by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto
Ruby was influenced by Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp
The syntax of Ruby shows strong similarities to Perl and Python

C++ is a general-purpose programming language which has imperative, object-oriented and generic programming features
C++ has been found useful in many different contexts, with key strengths being software infrastructure and preformance-critical applications
C++ is a compiled language, with implementations of it available on many platforms provided by various organizations
C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs in 1979, as an extension of the C language, as he wanted an efficient and flexible language similar to C, which also provided feature for program orginization
C++ influenced many well known programming languages, such as Perl, Java, Lua, Python, and PHP

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard markup language used to create web pages
Commonly used with CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) and JavaScript, HTML is a cornerstone technology used to create a majority of all websites
HTML describes the structure of a website semantically while CSS includes cues for the presentation and appearance of the document
HTML provides a means to create structured documents by denoting strucural semantics for text such as heading, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and other items
In 1980 physicist Tim Berners-Lee proposed and prototyped a system for CERN researchers to use and share documents, in 1989 Berners-Lee wrote a memo proposing an Inernet-based hypertext system later known as HTML

Bash is a Unix shell and command language written by Brian Fox for the GNU Project as a free software replacement for the Bourne shell
First released in 1989, Bash has been distributed widely as it as a default shell on the major Linux distributions and OS X
Bash is a command processor which runs in a text window, where users type commands that cause actions, Bash can read commands from a file, browse directories and many other things
The keywords, syntax, and other basic features of the language were all copied from sh